Computer History

First generation With the occurrence of the Second World War, countries that are involved in the war are trying to develop computer mengeksploit strategic potential of the computer. This funding increase and accelerate development progress in computer engineering computer. In the year 1941, Konrad Zuse, a German engineer to build a computer, the Z3, to design aircraft and guided missile. The partners are also making progress in the development of computer power. Year 1943, the British completed a secret computer code breaker called for Colossus code-breaking secret that Germany used. Impact of making Colossus not affect the development of the computer industry because of two reasons. First, the colossus is not a multipurpose computer (general-purpose computer), it was only designed to solve the secret code. Secondly, the engine is kept confidential until a decade after the war ended. Efforts made by the United States at that time was a result of another. Howard H. Aiken (1900-1973), an engineer who worked with the Harvard IBM, succeeded in producing electronic calculators for the U.S. Navy. Calculator is a measurement of the length of half a football field and has a range of foot cables along the 500 miles. The Harvd-IBM Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator, or Mark I, is a computer electronic relays. He used to drive signals elektromagnetik mechanical components. Beropreasi machine with the slow (it requires 3-5 seconds for each calculation) and is not flexible (order calculations can not be changed). The calculator can perform calculations aritmatik basis of equality and more complex. The development of other computers on the present time is the Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIAC), made by the cooperation between the United States and the University of Pennsylvania. Consisting of 18,000 vacuum cleaner tubes, 70,000 resistor, and 5 million solder point, the computer is a machine that consume a very large power of 160kW. This machine was designed by John Presper Eckert (1919-1995) John W. dn Mauchly (1907-1980), ENIAC is a versatile computer (general purpose computer) that work 1000 times faster than Mark I. In mid-1940's, John von Neumann (1903-1957) joined the team in the University of Pennsylvania usha concept desin build a computer up to 40 years is still used in computer engineering. Von Neumann designing Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer (EDVAC) in the year 1945 with sebuh memory to accommodate both programs or data. This technique allows the computer to stop at a time and then resume work again. Key von Neumann architecture is the central processing unit (CPU), which allows all functions of the computer to be coordinated through a single source. Year 1951, UNIVAC I (Universal Automatic Computer I) made by Remington Rand, became the first commercial computer models that take advantage of von Neumann's architecture. Both the United States Census and General Electric have UNIVAC. One of the impressive results achieved by success in UNIVAC are predict victory Dwilight D. Eisenhower in the 1952 presidential election. Computer Generation dikarakteristik first with the fact that the operating instructions are specific to a particular task. Each computer has a program code-binary different called a "machine language" (machine language). This causes the computer and programmed it difficult to limit the speed. The other is the first generation of computer use vacuum cleaner tube (which makes the computer is very large size) dn cylinder for magnetic data storage.